"'They came here, they educated their kids, they had a pool and a house. That was the opportunity for a pretty broad section of society,' says Joel Kotkin, an urbanist at Chapman University, in Orange County. This was what attracted immigrants in their millions, flocking to industries – especially defence and aviation – that seemed to promise jobs for life. But the newcomers were mistaken. Levine, among millions of others, does not think California is a utopia now. 'California is going to take decades to fix,' he says."